26 September 2012

WHAT ARE THEY SPENDING THIS MONEY ON ???

When we see newspaper or industry newsletter reports about a Federal contract in the hundreds of millions of dollars for a Lighter-Than-Air (LTA) airship which somehow never gets finished, it really starts the rusty neurons of my financial brain (not really well-oiled to begin with ) wondering .
What did they spend the money on ?
We heard of one instance where, after they ran out of money, one firm had nothing to show for it but an enormous hangar , which someone should name Moby Dick, after the great White Whale of Herman Melville's novel, which must have downed millions of tons of krill (look that up in your Funk & Wagnall's or OED) during its lifetime. We understand that they had trouble disposing of that huge, almost-useless structure, because the only purpose it could serve was as  ... the hangar for a gigantic airship that did not exist.
It reminds us of the stories we had heard of high technology start-up firms during the great dot-com bubble. The youngsters who ran them ("beardless striplings", one would have called them in the Age of Chivalry, sadly long gone) received millions of dollars in investment funding from hopeful Venture Capitalists. When the inevitable lawyers tried to clean up the inevitable mess of the inevitable bankruptcy proceedings, they found that the hopeful corporate officers had squandered the money they had raised on top-of-the-line designer furniture, leases of entire floors of luxury Class A real estate now lying unused and empty, Lamborghinis, and world travel by First Class Air .
Really, folks, where did the money go ?
We picture the early Henry Ford OR the early Wright Brothers, scraping along in their garages and their bicycle shops, actually building something .. something that actually moved or flew ! It may not have been perfect, it may have had many problems and faults, but the world had a new, innovative product that one could see, and that was available for inspection and improvemnt by the inventors themselves or other manufacturers and experimenters.
There exist several classes of LTA-inventor-builders, as we see it. Among them are the Good Guys like hard-working Daniel Geery in the U.S.A. and the owner of Mini-Zepp, in Switzerland, who actually have produced constructs that exist, that fly, that they can demonstrate, and that they built with a minimum of funding and a maximum of sweat equity (remember that wonderful descriptive term?) . Mini-Zepp has actually sold their real-world products to such tough, demanding no-nonsense buyers as Cambridge University, in the UK,  and the Israeli security forces... and they've accomplished this with a minimum of waste and a maximum of good design and real-world product. Ask them what they have accomplished and they can show you !
... and then there are the Mega-LTA design-and-build folks, who receive obscene amounts from various government sources and produce ... Tah-Dah! ... Vaporware.
We do understand that some of this non-productive spending and effort has been the result of Mission Creep and unrealistic specifications (... 'Well, as long as you're doing that, why don't we add on the ability to reach the Planet Saturn ? )  or initial too-hopeful, too-stringent, or politically-correct conditions and requirements imposed by an unrealistic Pentagon or Congress.
Still, how could they run out of money ??? We may never know; certainly there are some of us finance-challenged market-watchers who stare in stunned amazement at the hundreds of millions that are consumed, as if by a dollar- and pound-sterling-munching monster .
Where did the money go ?   

20 September 2012

THE IDEAL AIRSHIP : 16 CHARACTERISTICS plus ONE ARTICLE OF FAITH

Yes, we're presenting these again, because these characteristics still appear to present the best choices in every element of airship design . We wonder whether all of them have ever been combined in the design and construction of one airship, in order to take advantage of this unique transportation method.

We also believe, as a real estate lawyer might put it, that CARRYING PASSENGERS IS NOT THE HIGHEST AND BEST USE OF AIRSHIPS .

Dr. Barry Prentice, of the Airships to the Arctic Conference series, has focused his entire professional career on Supply Chain economics and methodology --- that is, trying to determine the least expensive, most reliable, most dependable approach to solving the complex supply equation . In particular, he has for many years devoted his attention to the thorniest problem facing Canada, and therefore the World : overcoming seemingly insuperable difficulties in getting food and materiel to the extraction industries and inhabitants of Canada's Far North (and, we might add in passing, all the regions of the world with similarly difficult, seemingly non-traversable terrain, such as the rain forests of Borneo, the Amazon region of Brazil, the Himalayas , and the Antarctic),  and furnishing emergency services to those regions. His conclusion, derived through his iconic Arctic Conference series, is that airships can provide this solution.

I agree ! I think that anyone who has followed the Ice Road Truckers television reality show and witnessed the ordeals of those supply chain providers will agree . In each case, airships present a much better transport method than trucks (lorries) .

We didn't say perfect : Just remember that the Perfect is the enemy of the Good :  in other words, if you wait until you have perfected a solution, the opportunity for a good solution probably will have passed . Just think of the development of the automobile. The first ones must have been dreadful to operate and to travel in. We can't wait until the airship equivalent of a four-door Cadillac sedan is developed; let's make do with the Model A Ford. BUT, given that each of the components outlined below in my list below is well-defined, let's use the best of each and begin operations. 

What I perceive is that current airship development efforts are forging ahead in the apparent hope of receiving the fabled $500,000,000 military contract at the end of the rainbow. Those firms that have gone through this cycle and then found, to their horror, that the contract is suddenly cancelled (read the news), that funding is no longer available, or that the Pentagon has changed its mind.  They then have great difficulty recovering their equilibrium --- and that's a bad position for an airship firm .   

Sometimes the best solution is to plunge in, as we have done. On the other hand, having this list of Characteristics of the Ideal Airship on hand may well prove to be a Fusion design that provides the best solution we have right now. IS ANYONE OUT THERE BUILDING THIS AIRSHIP ??? 

This BLOG lists below the Top 16 Characteristics Plus One .

       THE TOP SIXTEEN CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IDEAL AIRSHIP FREIGHTER

1. Hybrid --- designed with winglets or lifting planes to provide some of the lift, the balance of the lift provided by ...
2. ... hydrogen, and probably contained in ballonets (separate auxiliary storage spaces) , produced by ...
3. ... Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) because of the expense and other negative aspects of producing hydrogen by electrolysis and other methods .
4. This hydrogen to be used as the lifting gas ... 
5. ... and the fuel for ...
6. ... a Fuel Cell to produce ...
7. ...   electricity for the ...
8. ... electric motors driving ...
9. ... the Ducted Fans ... propellers encased in cowls for maximum effective propulsion and ...
10. ... mounted in universal swivel mounts so they can be used for
11. ... lift, by pointing them downward, and
12. ... steering, rather than using rudders, and
13. ... reverse thrust to hold the airship down onto the ground without the need for dangling ropes and a large ground crew .
14. The airships would carry detachable standard cargo containers designed for speed and convenience in loading and unloading, and aerodynamically streamlined for minimum drag ..
15. Unmanned , for safety, for convenience, to maximize the useful payload; proven by use in military applications, with minimum risk to crew or other personnel that otherwise might be aboard aboard.
16. The entire airship designed in a shape akin to the famous Deltoid Pumpkin Seed .  And ...     

THE 17th CHARACTERISTIC : AN ARTICLE OF FAITH  :  TIE THEM ALL TOGETHER WITH THE HIGHEST AND BEST USE IN MIND

17. In general, employ the Systems Approach : "Horses for Courses". That is, choose the mission as the determinative factor for the choice of type and design of transportation, rather than choosing the mode of transportation and then trying to force that use onto the airship. 

Good Luck ! BUT if the design is good, you won't need luck !

For those who did not catch the APPLICATIONS chapter the first time around , here it is, again :

        SOME OF THE MANY APPLICATIONS FOR WHICH AIRSHIPS ARE SAFE  & SUITABLE

1. Sporting event video coverage

2. Law enforcement: traffic, aerial views of traffic accidents;

3. Marine mammal population census, migration patterns

4. Design-and-Build surveys for planning & construction of bridges & roads

5. Marine biology --- spotting red tides in coastal waters; monitoring the            health of coral reefs

6. Fire fighting --- first-on-scene situation assessment in high rise fires,          inaccessible areas, or involving hazardous materials

7. News organizations --- parades, ceremonies, sporting events, and in              situations where danger to the news crew is possible

8. Radioactive and toxic waste sites --- photography & survey without risk

9. Geology --- Oil field exploration; survey & sample of volcanic eruptions

10. Federal & State Forest and Wildlife Services --- tree census; lumber       poaching; game and fish poaching

11. Telecommunications --- surveying & designing fiber optic cable             installations

12. Meteorological observations --- measuring wind speed, air pressure,          air temperature, dew point, and humidity at various altitudes          above ground level 

13. Raising communications antennas during emergency situations

14. Fishing --- spotting big game fish for sport fishing, and schools of food fish for purse seining; seining schools of small fish and invertebrates visible from the air, for sale as bait

15. Monitoring railways, pipelines, and power lines --- a constant and ever-        present requirement

16. Monitoring air pollutants for air quality standards determination

17. Agriculture --- Precision Agriculture techniques using remote sensing          technology to monitor crop moisture content; no-harm seeding from the air, in which the soil does not get compacted by heavy tractors, and therefore remains friable as a good seed bed

18. Archaeological site mapping; correlating aerial photographs with ground       level excavations and discoveries

19. Commercial aerial photography for tourist and visitors’ bureaus, yacht         brokers, school programs; realtors;

20. "Green" non-disruptive exploration of ecologically sensitive          biospheres, such as rain forests and forest canopies

21.  Lifting transmitting equipment into the sky for maximum range.

22. Radio antennas receiving and relaying Intelligence, Survey, and                   Reconnaissance (ISR) data from Ground Forces [military]

23. Long term recording in place by meteorological instruments ---
        anemometers, humidity meters, thermometers, etc.                        

24. Air sampling for pollutants, particulates, insects, and pollen.

25. Acoustic sensors for detection of intruders, without the noisy                      interference of internal combustion engine noise

26. Radio relay and jamming for counter-insurgency purposes. [military]

27. Detecting of mines & other explosive devices [military and, for civilian        use, unexploded abandoned mines, a major cause of injuries to children in former war zones ]

28. Thermal imaging                                                                          

29. Precise aiming of conventional ballistic weapons from a safe               distance by Forward Artillery Observers [military]

30. Battlefield or distant control of ground forces [military]

31. Crowd control and detection devices [law enforcement]

CONCEIVED and COMPILED by HYBRIDPELTA .                                                                 
 

16 September 2012

REMOTELY PILOTED AIRSHIP FOR ATMOSPHERIC TRACER

 

DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY, NATIONAL ENERGY TECHNOLOGY LABORATORY       SAMPLING PROGRAM (RPATS)

Background

The Clear Air Coalition, comprising California businesses, industries, agriculture and government agencies, is working to bring California air quality into EPA compliance. The Coalition’s
research, covering a wide area of California, concentrates on sampling and modeling air quality in California’s Central Valley. Coalition research projects, funded for nearly $45 million to improve the understanding of air pollution in the region, have improved conditions somewhat: Between 1988 and 1998, the number of days the southern portions of the Central Valley exceeded federal ozone standards fell by 47 percent, and the number of days that particulates exceeded standards fell by 90 percent.

One of the problems confronting the researchers was the collection of air quality data duringadverse weather conditions, such as the Tulle Fog, a low, dense, stagnant and very moist layer of air that blankets the Central Valley during the winter months. Inert gaseous tracer materials sensed by aircraft-mounted instruments have been used for nearly 30 years by Tracer ES&T to study air pollution sources and distribution, but normal aircraft collection of these emissions is impossible at low-altitude and in fog. Deployment of a dense network of moored balloons with adsorption tube samplers attached to tether lines would have been costly and lacked the flexibility to adapt to changing weather conditions. A method of remotely collecting data at low levels during the Tulle
Fog conditions was needed so aircraft pilots would not be at risk in the adverse weather. pilot and eventual incorporation of all permit applications were estimated to be $3.1 million.


Project Description


Tracer ES&T, with assistance and funding from the Department of Energy (DOE) and the Western States Petroleum Associates, analyzed the needs and provided a solution – a remotely-piloted blimp with advance air monitoring instruments capable of sampling and measuring vertical plume measurements in dense fog conditions at elevations less than 1,000 feet and transmitting the data to ground-based computers. The Remotely Piloted Airship for Atmospheric Tracer Sampling (RPATS) combines a commercially available radio-controlled airship, a Global Positioning System (GPS) and real-time data analysis that measures plume concentrations as a function of downwind distance, horizontal location and height above ground.

RPATS is a 30 by 7.5-foot helium-filled blimp capable of lifting a payload of up to 10 pounds. The airship, guided by radio control from the ground, is capable of cruising for over an hour at speeds of 15 to 20 mph or for shorter periods up to 30 mph. The seven-pound payload with its battery-powered gas-sampling equipment is mounted in a gondola on the under side. The system is highly portable. The deflated airship is transported by truck and can be inflated and ready to fly in less than one hour by a ground crew of three. The navigation and computer instrumentation for sampling is in a second truck. Tracer ES&T has two certified pilots trained to locate an emissions plume, fly the airship cross-wind through the plume at various altitudes and distances downwind, collect data and transmit it back to the ground. (The California Air Resources Board also maintains six fixed-wing aircraft and monitoring and meteorological instruments at 185 stations throughout the state to provide data to improve air quality.)

The maiden voyage of the airship was made on December 5, 2000 in connection with a planned release from a steam generator at Belridge oil field in the San Joaquin Valley near Bakersfield. Aera Energy injected a tracer into the steam prior to release to allow analysis of where and how the steam plume is distributed in the atmosphere. The oil field selected offers easy access for the airship and ground-based controls, and is representative of the types of locations that can be monitored using the airship sampling technology. The winter sampling phase extended for about a month .


Project Benefits and Impacts

Development of the RPATS Clean Airship is an excellent example of cooperative efforts by private industry and federal and state government agencies to improve air quality. The airship was designed and tested in California's Central Valley to demonstrate
the effectiveness of remotely collecting and sampling air quality data at low altitude in foggy and overcast weather conditions. The design met rigid specifications for global positioning navigation, maximum sampling capabilities, computer relays, and minimum weight instrumentation to be carried in the small platform beneath the 30-foot blimp. Initial sampling flights have successfully provided data on air currents and air quality in the Bakersfield, CA area.

Because of its uniquely designed capabilities, RPATS will enable the acquisition of real-time in-flight data below 2,000 feet in low-visibility weather, critical air quality data otherwise unavailable because of safety considerations. The airship also offers economy of operation compared to the cost of such alternative systems as networks of sensor-bearing anchored balloons or, in certain respects, fixed-wing aircraft, which obviously fly higher, faster and cover broader areas than RPATS.

The California Air Resources Board estimates that standard aircraft surveys, which deliver only minimal onsite processed data, run about four to six hours flight time per day at a cost of $15,000 to $20,000. For full air quality data reduction and reporting from low altitudes in foggy or overcast weather, Tracer ES&T Inc. is confident they can run four to five RPATS flights daily at a cost of about $6,000 to $8,000. For its designed task, RPATS is an efficient, safe and economical aircraft that fills a vital gap in atmospheric data gathering for air quality surveys.
 

SAMPLING PROGRAM (RPATS)  CONTACTS
REMOTELY PILOTED AIRSHIP FOR ATMOSPHERIC TRACER

Thomas J. Rappolt
Tracer ES&T, Inc.
San Marcos, CA
Phone: (760) 744-9611
FAX: (760) 744-8616

Nancy C. Comstock
U.S. Department of Energy
National Energy Technology
Laboratory (NETL)
National Petroleum Technology
Office (NPTO)
Tulsa, OK
Phone: (918) 699-2059
FAX: (918) 295-6576
E-mail: ncomstoc@npto.doe.gov

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